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991.
为提高大米中农药残留的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)快速检测精度,提出采用二维相关光谱(2DCOS)对大米拉曼光谱进行农药特征变量优选。首先,采用标准正态变量变换(SNV)对原始光谱预处理,再以甲基毒死蜱浓度为外扰,进行二维相关同步光谱和自相关谱解析,筛选出与甲基毒死蜱浓度变化最相关的特征谱峰,建立了大米中甲基毒死蜱残留浓度的支持向量机(SVM)分析模型,并与偏最小二乘(PLS)模型进行性能比较。结果表明,2DCOS方法能很好地筛选出与甲基毒死蜱浓度相关的特征谱峰;利用2DCOS优选出的4个甲基毒死蜱特征谱峰所建立的SVM模型性能优于PLS的实验结果,模型对预测集样本相关系数(R_P)为0.96,均方根误差(RMSEP)为5.21,相对分析误差(RPD)为3.66,可用于大米中甲基毒死蜱农药残留的实际估测。研究表明,采用2DCOS优选大米中甲基毒死蜱浓度相关的特征变量是可行的,且能简化模型,提高模型预测精度,从而为拉曼光谱用于食品农产品质量安全的快速检测提供了一种新思路。 相似文献
992.
Two new compounds oenotheralanosterol A and B along with four known compounds have been isolated from the roots of Oenothera biennis. Their structures have been elucidated with the help of 300 MHz NMR using 1D and 2D spectral methods viz: 1H and 13C NMR, 1H‐1H COSY, 1H‐13C HETCOR and DEPT aided by EIMS, ESI Mass and IR spectroscopy. 相似文献
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995.
J. Padma Nilaya 《Applied Surface Science》2010,256(6):1867-7267
Small signal absorption measurements of the incident coherent radiation by the metal surface have revealed an increase in the absorption by the surface in presence of transparent/semi-transparent particulates on it. This effect, identified as field enhanced surface absorption, has been found to increase with reduction in the average particulate size. Consequently higher laser assisted removal efficiency of contamination from a metal surface has been observed for smaller contaminant particulates. These measurements have been carried out utilizing coherent radiations of two different wavelengths so chosen that for one the particulates are totally transparent while for the other they are partially transparent. 相似文献
996.
In the framework of T2HDM, we calculated the new physics contributions involving neutral Higgs bosons to the branching ratios of ^-Bs,d^0→e^+e^-(e= e,μ) decays. Comparing the theoretical predictions with the experimental upper-limits, we found that (a) The data of Br(^-Bs,d^0→e^+e^-) give the upper bound on tanβ: tanβ≤22, while Br(^-Bs^0→e^+e^-) give tanβ≤12 for fixed δ = 0^0, mH+ = 350 CeV, mH^0 = 160 GeV, mh^0 = 115 GeV and mA^0 = 120 GeV; (b) A light neutral Higgs boson mass mho (mA^0) less than 50 GeV (120 GeV) is excluded by the data of branching ratios for ^-Bs,d^0→e^+e^-(e = μ) decays with tanβ= 10; (c) The bounds on mh^0 and tanβ, or mA^0 and tanβ are strongly correlated: a smaller (larger) tanβ means a lighter (heavier) neutral Higgs boson. 相似文献
997.
Wei Song Xiaoxia Han Lei Chen Youming Yang Bin Tang Wei Ji Weidong Ruan Weiqing Xu Bing Zhao Yukihiro Ozaki 《Journal of Raman spectroscopy : JRS》2010,41(9):907-913
A controllable heterostructure consisting of ZnO nanorod arrays with attached Ag nanoparticles at only one end has been synthesized via a facile and convenient galvanic reduction method. Scanning electron microscopic images of these nanostructures showed good selectivity of Ag deposition on the tip of ZnO nanorod arrays. The formation of these regular Ag ZnO heterogeneous nanorod arrays can be explained by a localization of the electrons at the ends of the ZnO nanorods after the electron transfer step. By tuning the reaction time and the concentration of silver nitrate, the density of Ag nanoparticles on the tip of ZnO nanorods can be well controlled. Owing to the introduction of Ag nanoparticles with different densities, the resulting Ag ZnO heterogeneous nanorod arrays have been proved to be a versatile substrate for surface‐enhanced Raman scattering not only for common organic molecules but also for label‐free protein detection. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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999.
The detection of explosives and their associated compounds for security screening is an active area of research and a wide variety of detection methods are involved in this very challenging area. Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy is one of the most sensitive tools for the detection of molecules adsorbed on nano‐scale roughened metal surface. Moreover, SERS combines high sensitivity with the observation of vibrational spectra of species, giving complete information on the molecular structure of material under study. In this paper, SERS was applied to the detection of very small quantities of explosives adsorbed on industrially made substrates. The spectra were acquired with a compact Raman spectrometer. Usually, a high signal‐to‐noise (S/N) spectrum, suitable for identification of explosive molecules down to few hundreds of picograms, was achieved within 30 s. Our measurements suggest that it is possible to exploit SERS using a practical detection instrument for routine analysis. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
1000.
Lactic acid is a simple and effective indicator for estimating physiological function. Rapid and sensitive detection of lactic acid is very useful in clinical diagnosis. However, the concentration of lactic acid in the physiological state is too low to be detected using traditional Raman spectroscopy. We applied silver colloidal nanoparticles‐mediated surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) for rapid identification and quantification of lactic acid. The standard SERS spectra of lactic acid were defined and the 1395 cm−1 band intensity was used for quantification from 0.3 to 2 mM (R2 = 0.99). In clinical blood sample measurement, the ultrafiltration (cutoff value 5 kDa) can efficiently reduce background fluorescence to improve SERS performance. We established identical and optimal procedure by adjusting reaction time and volume ratio of serum and nanoparticles to obtain high SERS reproducibility. Finally, we showed that silver colloidal nanoparticles‐mediated SERS technique was successfully applied to detect lactic acid at physiological concentrations in the blood. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献